内容来源：https://lifehacker.com/use-reap-method-when-studying-new-material?utm_medium=RSS

内容总结：

【科技学习新法：REAP阅读法助力知识入门】
面对陌生领域的学习材料，传统阅读方法常要求读者提前预设问题，但这对于零基础学习者而言颇具挑战。近日，一种名为“REAP”的阅读方法引发关注，其通过“阅读—转译—标注—思考”四步，帮助初学者从零构建知识框架。

该方法强调先通读全文以整体吸收信息，随后用个人语言转述内容核心，再通过提取关键词、数据或结论进行标注，最后结合笔记与原文展开深度思考。与SQ3R等需预先提问的方法不同，REAP允许读者在积累初步认知后再进行批判性分析，更适用于知识入门阶段。

专家建议，初学者可先通过REAP法掌握文本大意，再结合THIEVES等精细阅读技巧强化细节记忆。这种分层学习策略既能降低入门门槛，又能逐步提升信息整合效率，为高效学习提供新思路。

中文翻译：

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学习方法会因知识熟悉程度而异。当你掌握核心概念时，可通过抽认卡进行主动回忆测试，或向他人讲解来巩固理解。但若初次接触陌生领域，缺乏知识背景时该怎么办？

多数阅读法要求提前预设问题或假设，这对陌生领域显然不现实。此时不妨尝试REAP法——这种方法倡导先通读再深究，具体操作如下：

什么是REAP法？
REAP代表“阅读、转译、批注、沉思”。与SQ3R、KWL等策略不同，它无需预先了解主题内容。你无需快速浏览章节、猜测内容或依赖既有知识，而是坦然承认知识空白，先广泛吸收信息，再通过思考筛选核心要点。这种方法既允许理解过程中的暂时困惑，也为知识内化留出空间。承认迷茫本身，就是构建理解体系的第一步。

REAP法如何操作？
该方法包含四个核心步骤：

1. 阅读材料
2. 用自己的语言转译信息
3. 记录核心观点作为批注
4. 沉思梳理所得内容

具体实施时，首先独立通读文本段落。此阶段不必过度分析，重在整体感知。接着将内容用个人语言重新表述，可通过笔记撰写段落摘要或向他人复述完成。“脱口复述法”（不参考材料直接记录记忆内容）也可尝试，遗漏细节无需焦虑——这仅是中间环节。

随后进入批注阶段，仅记录关键词、核心数据、引言或结论等核心要素。若已进行过脱口复述，可对照原文修正精简，保留关键部分。最后的沉思阶段需综合原文、摘要与批注，根据阅读启发提出延伸问题。此时可开始建立知识与现实世界的联结，并通过对比原始文本检验自己是否准确把握了核心主题。

从本质看，这与SQ3R等方法形成反向路径——后者要求先列问题再寻答案，而REAP法则在积累足够背景知识后才启动深度思考。选择哪种方法最终取决于你的初始认知程度。

对于初学者，建议先采用REAP法建立整体认知，再使用SQ3R等精细化方法。这能帮助避免过早陷入细节迷阵，先把握宏观框架再深耕具体内容。若要强化记忆，可后续结合“THIEVES”等批判性阅读技巧进行二次精读，全面捕捉关键细节。

英文来源：

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The way you study something will likely vary depending on how familiar you are with the subject matter. If you’re fairly acquainted with the core concepts, you can force active recall by using flashcards to review, or enhance your grasp of a topic by teaching it to someone else, for instance. But what about when you’re first encountering a new piece of information and you have no real context for it?
A lot of reading techniques ask you to come up with questions or hypotheses before you even start reading, but that’s not easy when you don’t have much familiarity with your subject at all. In these cases, the REAP method can help. It’s a technique that directs you to read first, and save the deeper work for later. Here’s how it works.
What is the REAP method?
REAP is an acronym that stands for “read, encode, annotate, and ponder.” Like methods such as SQ3R or KWL, it asks you to approach each new passage with a strategic plan. But unlike those techniques, you don’t have to know anything about your subject going into a reading session. Instead of skimming the chapter, coming up with ideas about what you think it will be about and what you want to get out of it, and relying on what you already know before you start, you acknowledge that you don’t know much about the subject at all, and set out to learn more about it, and then think more about it to figure out what parts are most essential before committing it to memory.
Essentially, it's a way of reading something while giving yourself the grace to not "get it" right away, as well as the space to learn it. Just by acknowledging you're feeling adrift, you can start to work on ways to understand as much as you can.
How does REAP work?
Here are the basic elements of the REAP method:
Read the material
Encode the information in your own words
Annotate by jotting down main ideas
Ponder what you've gone over
Using the REAP method, you first read the passage, chapter, or section of text on your own. Don’t think too hard here; the goal of a reading-first approach is not to read overly critically, but to absorb the information as a whole.
Then you encode the information by putting it in your own words. You can do this by writing a quick, paragraph-long summary in your notes or describing it out loud to someone else. You can try blurting, or writing down everything you can remember without referencing your materials, but don't worry if you forget things; you're still in the middle of the REAP process.
Next, annotate the text by writing down only the main ideas—whether in the form of keywords, pieces of data, quotes, or standout elements of the introduction or conclusion. If you've already "blurted," you can use this part to refine and revise that, contrasting what you wrote down with the source material, then condensing it to include only the key parts.
When it’s time to ponder, review the text, your summary, and your high-level notes as you develop additional research questions sparked by what you’ve read. This is when you can begin to make connections between the information and real-world applications. It’s only at this point that you lean on critical reading and reflection: Compare your encoding and annotation with the original text and consider whether you accurately identified the most critical themes and overall messages in your rewriting.
In a sense, this is the reverse of methods like the aforementioned SQ3R or KWL. With those methods, you write down your questions before you start, then go hunting through the material for the answers. With REAP, since you don't have the context or knowledge to formulate questions, you have to go gather that before you can start pondering. Which of these reading techniques you use ultimately depends on how much you know going in.
The REAP approach is a good one to start with before moving on to something more granular, like that SQ3R method. It lets you familiarize yourself with the full body of text instead of immediately focusing on the nitty-gritty of subheadings and tables. This helps you grasp the overarching meaning before you dive into the weeds. For maximum retention, next try going back through the text and employing a critical reading technique like THIEVES to extract every relevant detail.