内容来源：https://www.geekwire.com/2026/nasa-smooth-rehearsal-artemis-2-moon-launch/

内容总结：

美国国家航空航天局（NASA）于当地时间2月21日晚间，在佛罗里达州肯尼迪航天中心成功完成“阿尔忒弥斯2号”载人绕月任务的关键发射演练。此次“湿式彩排”对高达98米的太空发射系统火箭、猎户座飞船及地面支持系统进行了全面测试，为半个多世纪以来首次载人绕月飞行奠定基础。

演练过程中，发射团队克服了此前液氢泄漏等技术挑战，并在当晚处理了“助推器航电系统电压异常”问题后，最终顺利完成两次倒计时测试，最终停止在T-29秒节点。任务指挥官、宇航员里德·怀斯曼在发射控制中心全程观摩了演练过程。

按计划，“阿尔忒弥斯2号”任务最早将于2026年3月6日发射，四名宇航员将执行为期10天的绕月飞行，最远抵达月球背面约7400公里外，创下人类深空飞行新纪录。此次任务将为后续“阿尔忒弥斯3号”载人登月任务铺平道路，后者预计不早于2027年实施。

值得注意的是，西雅图地区多家航天企业深度参与该计划：L3哈里斯公司为猎户座飞船提供推进器，杰夫·贝索斯创立的蓝色起源公司正在研发“蓝月”着陆器，预计2030年起运送宇航员登陆月球。该公司的新格伦火箭未来数月内将执行无人货运着陆器试射任务。

中文翻译：

今晚，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）在历史性发射演练中进行了倒计时，此次发射有望在半个多世纪后首次将宇航员送往月球。这场在佛罗里达州肯尼迪航天中心39B发射场进行的演练被称为"湿式彩排"，因为过程中需要为NASA太空发射系统的推进剂储箱加注燃料。该火箭高达322英尺（约98米），曾于2022年执行无人驾驶的"阿尔忒弥斯1号"任务。

发射台上唯一缺席的关键要素是宇航员团队。"阿尔忒弥斯2号"任务指挥官、NASA宇航员里德·怀斯曼在社交媒体X上发文称，他正在发射控制中心观摩整个流程。待NASA完成为期两天的演练结果评估后，任务管理人员将决定是否批准"阿尔忒弥斯2号"机组为期10天的绕月往返任务。NASA表示最早可能在3月6日实施发射。

本周的模拟倒计时为NASA提供了在实际发射前检查太空发射系统火箭、"猎户座"载人舱及地面支持系统的机会。2月2日的首次彩排因液氢泄漏问题在倒计时约5分钟时中止。工程师们在发射台完成维修工作，为重新演练扫清了障碍。

今晚的首次倒计时在最后几分钟因"助推器航空电子系统电压异常"而暂停，但随后恢复并按计划推进至倒计时33秒。此时系统自动暂停倒计时并重置至10分钟位置。团队耗费一个多小时重新配置火箭燃料系统后，启动了第二次终端倒计时。NASA发射团队顺利完成了更为流畅的第二次倒计时，按计划在29秒处停止，圆满结束演练。相关测试新闻发布会定于周五东部时间上午11点（太平洋时间上午8点）举行。

经过近三年训练的"阿尔忒弥斯2号"四名宇航员预计最早将于本周进入隔离状态。除怀斯曼外，机组还包括NASA宇航员克里斯蒂娜·科赫、维克多·格洛弗以及加拿大宇航员杰里米·汉森。

"阿尔忒弥斯2号"飞行计划将引导宇航员沿"8"字形轨迹绕月飞行并返回地球。此次旅程将使宇航员抵达月球背面4600英里（约7400公里）外的深空区域，超越人类以往所有太空探索的边界。

虽然"阿尔忒弥斯2号"本身具有历史意义，但其主要任务是为"阿尔忒弥斯3号"铺平道路——后者旨在实现自1972年"阿波罗17号"以来首次人类登月。该任务官方时间表不早于2027年年中，但行业专家预计实际执行时间可能推迟。

总部位于西雅图地区的多家企业对"阿尔忒弥斯"月球计划表现出浓厚兴趣。L3Harris公司（前身为Aerojet Rocketdyne）在雷德蒙德的工厂为"猎户座"飞船制造推进器，而杰夫·贝索斯位于肯特的蓝色起源太空公司正在开发"蓝月"着陆器，计划从2030年开始运送"阿尔忒弥斯"宇航员登月。蓝色起源的"新格伦"火箭预计将在未来几个月内将无人驾驶的货运版着陆器送往月球。

英文来源：

NASA counted down to T-minus 29 seconds tonight during a rehearsal for a historic launch that could send astronauts around the moon for the first time in more than half a century.
The run-through at Launch Complex 39B, at Kennedy Space Center in Florida, was known as a wet dress rehearsal because it involved filling up the propellant tanks on NASA’s Space Launch System — a 322-foot-tall rocket that made its debut during 2022’s uncrewed Artemis 1 mission.
The only major component that was missing at the launch pad was the crew. NASA astronaut Reid Wiseman, the commander for the Artemis 2 mission, said in a posting to X that he was watching the proceedings from Launch Control.
Once NASA reviews the results of the two-day rehearsal, mission managers will decide whether to green-light the Artemis 2 crew’s 10-day trip around the moon and back. NASA says liftoff could come as early as March 6.
This week’s simulated countdown provides an opportunity for NASA to check out the Space Launch System rocket, the Orion crew capsule and ground support systems in advance of the actual launch.
An initial rehearsal on Feb. 2 was stopped at roughly T-minus 5 minutes due to a liquid hydrogen leak. Engineers made repairs at the pad to clear the way for a replay of the rehearsal.
NASA had to pause this evening’s first countdown in its final minutes to deal with what it called a “booster avionics system voltage anomaly,” but the count resumed and proceeded as planned to T-minus 33 seconds. At that point the countdown was automatically paused and recycled to T-minus 10 minutes.
It took more than an hour to reconfigure the rocket’s fueling system for another terminal count. Then NASA’s launch team went through an even smoother second countdown, reached a scheduled stopping point at T-minus 29 seconds, and then concluded the rehearsal. A news briefing about the test is set for 11 a.m. ET (8 a.m. PT) on Friday.
The four crew members for Artemis 2 are expected to go into quarantine as soon as this week after almost three years of training. In addition to Wiseman, the crew includes NASA astronauts Christina Koch and Victor Glover, plus Canadian astronaut Jeremy Hansen.
Artemis 2’s flight plan calls for sending the astronauts on a figure-8 route around the moon and back. The trip will take them as far as 4,600 miles beyond the far side of the moon — farther out than any human has gone before.
Although Artemis 2 will be historic in its own right, the mission’s main purpose is to prepare the way for Artemis 3, which aims to land humans on the lunar surface for the first time since Apollo 17 in 1972. That mission is officially set for no earlier than mid-2027, but industry experts expect the schedule to slip.
Several companies headquartered in the Seattle area have a significant interest in the Artemis moon program. A facility in Redmond operated by L3Harris (previously known as Aerojet Rocketdyne) builds thrusters for the Orion spacecraft — and Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin space venture, based in Kent, is developing a Blue Moon lander that’s meant to put Artemis crews on the lunar surface starting in 2030. Blue Origin’s New Glenn rocket is expected to send an uncrewed cargo version of its lander to the moon sometime in the next few months.